Flexible, Flame-Resistant, and Anisotropic Thermally Conductive Aerogel Films with Ionic Liquid Crystal-Armored Boron Nitride

With the rapid development of miniaturization and high-power portable electronics, the accumulation of undesired heat can degrade the performance of electronic devices and even cause fires. Therefore, multifunctional thermal interface materials that combine high thermal conductivity and flame retardancy remain a challenge. Herein, an ILC (ionic liquids crystal)-armored boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) with flame retardant functional groups was first developed. The high in-plane orientation structure aerogel film made of such an ILC-armored BNNS and aramid nanofiber and polyvinyl alcohol matrix through directional freeze-drying and mechanical pressing exhibits strong anisotropy thermal conductivity (λ_// of 17.7 W m^-1 K^-1 and λ_⊥ of 0.98 W m^-1 K^-1). In addition, the highly oriented IBAP aerogel films have excellent flame retardancy (peak heat release rate = 44.5 kW/m² and heat release rate = 0.8 MJ/m²) due to the physical barrier effect and catalytic carbonization effect of ILC-armored BNNS. Meanwhile, IBAP aerogel films exhibit good flexibility and mechanical properties, even in harsh environments such as acids and bases. Further, IBAP aerogel films can also be used as a substrate for paraffin phase change composites. The ILC-armored BNNS provides a practical way to produce flame-resistant polymer composites with high thermal conductivity for TIMs in modern electronic devices.