Novel and Sensitive Chemiluminescence Sensors Based on 2D-MOF Nanosheets for One-Step Detection of Glucose in Human Urine

The development of a simple and sensitive method for glucose determination is significant in the early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. However, current analytical approaches have various defects in their applications. Here, an attractive chemiluminescence-based sensor is developed for one-step and rapid detection of glucose in human urine. In this work, a 2D metal–organic framework (2D-MOF) nanosheet with peroxidase activity was first synthesized, which could catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and further oxidize luminol to produce a strong chemiluminescence signal. Then, luminol and glucose oxidase (GOD) were successively labeled on the 2D-MOF nanosheet, obtaining a simple chemiluminescence-functionalized sensor (Co-TCPP(Fe)@luminol@GOD). When Co-TCPP(Fe)@luminol@GOD was introduced to the detection system containing glucose, substantial H2O2 was released under the catalysis of GOD on Co-TCPP(Fe). Then, the produced H2O2 was decomposed by the 2D-MOF nanosheet, and the luminol on Co-TCPP(Fe)@luminol@GOD was further oxidized, generating a chemiluminescence signal, finally achieving rapid determination of glucose. Under the optimized condition, fabrication of 2D-MOF nanosheets as sensitive glucose sensors exhibited good performance during the process: (i) good sensitivity (LOD, 10.667 μg/L) with a wide linear range (32–5500 μg/L); (ii) satisfactory accuracy (recoveries, 89–121.2%; CV, 3.5–7.4%); (iii) low cost; and (iv) simple operation. Our proposed method here has the potential for screening glucose in various human urine samples from hospitals.