Effects of trans- and n-3 unsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy males. An 8 weeks dietary intervention study

多不饱和脂肪酸 医学 血压 鱼油 内科学 血脂 饱和脂肪 胆固醇 不饱和脂肪 生理学 内分泌学 脂肪酸 生物化学 生物 渔业
作者
Jørn Dyerberg,D C Eskesen,P. W. Andersen,Arne Astrup,B Buemann,Jane Christensen,Per Axel Clausen,B F Rasmussen,Erik Berg Schmidt,Tine Tholstrup,Egon Toft,Søren Toubro,Steen Stender
出处
期刊:European Journal of Clinical Nutrition [Springer Nature]
卷期号:58 (7): 1062-1070 被引量:116
标识
DOI:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601934
摘要

Background: Studies of long-term intake of industrially produced trans fatty acids (TFA) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) suggest opposite effects on cardiovascular disease risk. Common mechanisms of action are probable. Objective: To examine the effects on cardiovascular risk markers of dietary enrichment with TFA or n-3 PUFA. Design: Randomized, double-blind, parallel intervention trial. Setting: Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University. Subjects: In all, 87 healthy males included, 79 completed. Intervention: Subjects were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of a daily intake of 33 g of experimental fats from either partially hydrogenated soy oil containing 20 g of TFA, 12 g of fish oil with approximately 4 g of n-3 PUFA and 21 g of control fat, or 33 g of control fat. The experimental fats were incorporated into bakery products. Plasma lipids, blood pressure, heart rate variability (HRV), arterial dilatory capacity, compliance, and distensibility were recorded before and after intervention and at follow-up 12 weeks after the intervention. Results: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased in the TFA group and triglycerides and mean arterial blood pressure decreased in the n-3 PUFA group compared to the control group. HRV, arterial dilatory capacity, compliance, and distensibility were unchanged. Conclusion: The results indicate that the association between coronary heart disease risk and intake of TFA and n-3 PUFA relates only modestly to changes in traditional risk markers. Sponsorship: Danish Medical Research Council (Grant no. 22-01-0390), Center of Advanced Food Research (Copenhagen, Denmark) (Grant no. KVL-R-2001-107), the Danish Heart Association (Grant no. 99-2-3-45-22748), Novozymes (Bagsvaerd, Denmark), Aarhus Olie (Aarhus, Denmark), and from private sources. The experimental fats were provided by Pronova Biocare (Aalesund, Norway) and Aarhus Olie (Aarhus, Denmark).
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