[A preliminary study on establishment of the Core Occupational Stress Scale (COSS) norms for manufacturing and medical workers in China].

Objective: To establish the Core Occupational Stress Scale (COSS) norm values for manufacturing and medical workers. Methods: A total of 10 316 manufacturing workers of 20 companies from 7 provincial capital cities and 5 031 medical workers of 19 hospitals from 4 provincial capital cities were investigated using a stratified sampling method. Questionnaire information including occupational stress was collected. Norms of mean, percentile and T scores were calculated for COSS total and sub-dimension scores by different demographic characteristics. Based on the normal distribution, cut points of x¯+0.5s, x¯+s, x¯+1.5s of COSS total scores were calculated to classify the degree of occupational stress. Results: The COSS total scores were (45.48±8.16) and (45.71±8.46). The 50th percentiles were both 46, and T score ranges were (15-92) and (16-91), respectively, for manufacturing and medical workers. When the total score was<50, 50-53, 54-57, and >57 for manufacturing worker, or<50, 50-54, 55-58, and >58 for medical workers, occupational stress would be classified into none, mild, moderate, and severe levels. Conclusion: Compatible with the national condition of China, as well as the principles of psychological measurement, these norm values for manufacturing and medical workers could provide theoretical support and practical guideline on occupational mental health promotion.目的： 研制适用于我国制造业工人和医务人员的职业紧张测量核心量表（COSS）得分常模。 方法： 采用分层随机抽样方法，从制造业高度聚集区域7个省会市20家制造业企业和全国东、中、西部地区4个省会市19家医院分别抽取制造业工人（10 316名）和医务人员（5 031名）作为常模样本。通过问卷收集职业紧张相关信息，并建立不同人口学特征对象的均数常模、百分位常模、T分值常模，同时采用正态分布法，以COSS总分的x¯+0.5s、x¯+s、x¯+1.5s作为职业紧张程度划分标准。 结果： 制造业工人、医务人员COSS总分分别为（45.48±8.16）、（45.71±8.46）分，P50对应的总分均为46，T分常模范围分别为（15~92）、（16~91）分。当制造业工人COSS总分<50、50~53、54~57、>57分时，医务人员COSS总分<50、50~54、55~58、>58分时，分别判定为无职业紧张和轻度、中度、重度职业紧张水平。 结论： 本常模符合我国国情及心理学测量要求，操作简便、易行，为制造业工人和医务人员心理健康促进提供理论支持与实践指导。.