Intermittent parathyroid hormone improves orthodontic retention via insulin‐like growth factor‐1

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effects of intermittent parathyroid hormone (iPTH) on the stability of orthodontic retention and to explore the possible regulatory role of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) in this process. Methods Forty‐eight 6‐week‐old male Wistar rats were adopted in this study. An orthodontic relapsing model was established to investigate the effects of iPTH on orthodontic retention. In vitro, an immortalized mouse cementoblast cell line OCCM‐30 was detected by flow cytometry to study the effects of iPTH on cell proliferation and apoptosis. By application of a specific IGF‐1 receptor inhibitor, the role of IGF‐1 was also explored. Results In vivo study found that daily injection of PTH significantly reduced the relapsing distance. Histological staining and ELISA assay showed faster periodontal regeneration during retention period in PTH group with increased RANKL/OPG ratio and greater amount of OCN, ALP, and IGF‐1 in gingival cervical fluid (GCF). Cell experiment revealed that iPTH promoted proliferation and suppressed apoptosis of cementoblast. IGF‐1 receptor inhibitor significantly restrained the anabolic effect of iPTH on OCCM‐30 cells. Conclusions These findings suggest that iPTH could improve the stability of tooth movement by promoting periodontal regeneration. IGF‐1 is essential in mediating the anabolic effects of iPTH.