Correlations of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Pectus Excavatum

Study Design: Radiologic study of scoliosis in pectus excavatum patients. Objectives: To determine the relation between pectus excavatum deformity and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Summary of Background Data: AIS may be related to other whole body deformities, but few reports have addressed the relation between chest deformity and scoliosis. Methods: A total of 248 patients with a diagnosis of pectus excavatum were enrolled in this study. All study patients underwent whole spine anteroposterior radiographs and chest computed tomography. Severity and type of scoliosis and chest deformity were measured using radiographs, and relations between pectus deformity and AIS were analyzed. Results: Overall, 56 of the 248 study patients had scoliosis (Cobb angle >10 degrees)—a prevalence of 22.58%. The incidence of scoliosis was significantly higher in female patients (38.46%) (P=0.002), and Lenke type 1 predominated in pectus patients (48.2%, P<0.0001). Mean age was greater in the scoliosis group than in the nonscoliosis group (P<0.0001), and the asymmetry of pectus deformity was more prominent in the scoliosis group (P=0.007). However, pectus deformity severity was similar in the 2 groups (P=0.061). Furthermore, although the scoliosis group showed a higher proportion of female patients (P=0.002), the severities of chest and spinal deformities were similar in the 2 groups for both sexes (P=0.314, P=0.227). Conclusions: Pectus excavatum and AIS were found to have a high concomitant incidence. And, the age, sex, and type of disease were significantly different in the scoliosis and pectus excavatum groups. Surgeons should consider these relationships when deciding upon treatment in patients with chest and spinal deformities.