Life cycle assessment of sewage sludge pretreatment for biogas production: From laboratory tests to full-scale applicability

沼渣 沼气 厌氧消化 环境科学 废物管理 污水污泥 生命周期评估 生物炭 制浆造纸工业 原材料 污水处理 甲烷 环境工程 化学 工程类 生产(经济) 热解 宏观经济学 经济 有机化学
作者
Matia Mainardis,Marco Buttazzoni,Fabian Gievers,Charlene Vance,Francesca Magnolo,Fionnuala Murphy,Daniele Goi
出处
期刊:Journal of Cleaner Production [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:322: 129056-129056 被引量:25
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129056
摘要

In this work, different pretreatment technologies (low temperature thermal treatment, ultrasonication, alkali treatment, combined alkali-thermal treatment, icing-thawing) were investigated together with biochar addition to increase biogas yield from sewage sludge. The aim of the work was to develop a standardized protocol, including physicochemical characterization, biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests, digestate characterization, life cycle assessment (LCA) and economic analysis, to verify the techno-economic suitability and the related environmental impacts of upgrading conventional full-scale anaerobic digesters. Low-temperature (65–85 °C) thermal pretreatment showed the best performances in enhancing sludge solubilization and methane yield (up to 110%), followed by ultrasonication (up to 53%) and biochar addition (about 16%). The solubilization rate obtained after each pretreatment was similar for municipal and industrial sludge; however, it did not correspond to a proportional increase in methane yield. LCA showed that ultrasonication led to the worst environmental impacts at laboratory scale, due to the huge electricity request; however, at full-scale conditions, green-house gases (GHG) emissions could be reduced by 22%, fossil depletion by 25% and stratospheric ozone depletion by 18%, when compared to the baseline scenario (raw sludge anaerobic digestion). The economic analysis proved that the high ultrasonication capital costs could not be recovered in the considered timeframe (15 yr), while biochar price should be significantly lowered (down to 6.5 €/ton) to give an overall positive outcome. Finally, the thermal scenario would be convenient only when considering waste heat recovery. The proposed protocol, including physicochemical sludge characterization, BMP tests, digestate characterization, LCA and economic analysis, could be extended to other existing digesters to compare alternative pretreatment strategies, enhancing renewable energy generation in biogas form.

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