Concordance and comorbidities among monozygotic twins with tic disorders

一致性 合子性 双胞胎研究 抽动障碍 共病 单卵双胞胎 抽动秽语综合征 抽搐 精神科 丹麦语 基因分型 医学 心理学 内科学 遗传学 基因型 生物 遗传力 语言学 哲学 基因
作者
Julie Holst Pedersen,Axel Skytthe,Jonas Bybjerg‐Grauholm,Asli Sena Kücükyildiz,Liselotte Skov,Nanette Mol Debes,Zeynep Tümer
出处
期刊:Journal of Psychiatric Research [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:146: 297-303 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.11.019
摘要

Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS) is a multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by tics and multiple comorbidities. The pathophysiology is not yet fully understood, but both environmental and genetic risk factors seem to be involved. Twin studies provide important knowledge on genetic factors. We assessed the concordance of GTS and chronic tic disorders (CTD) in monozygotic (MZ) twins, and examined tic severity, symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder. Twin pairs, where at least one twin was diagnosed with any tic disorder, were identified through Danish Twin Registry, Psychiatric Central Registry, Danish National Patient Registry and National Tourette Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev. Zygosity was tested with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and clinical assessment was done with validated tools. 14 MZ twin pairs were included: five were discordant. Seven twin pairs were concordant for GTS, and for two pairs one twin had GTS and the other CTD. Among the twins with CTD or GTS, 50% had at least one comorbidity, which is higher than in background populations. The GTS + OCD-phenotype was significantly more frequent among GTS-concordant than among discordant twins. No statistically significant differences were found between the GTS-concordant and discordant twin pairs regarding tic severity or comorbidities. Thorough clinical assessment and SNP-based genotyping are important when conducting clinical twin studies. We found high concordance of GTS and CTD, which supports the notion that both disorders have common genetic risk factors. Further studies with larger cohorts including dizygotic twins are warranted for more conclusive results.
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