Magnetic nanoparticle-mediated hyperthermia: From heating mechanisms to cancer theranostics

<p>Magnetic nanoparticle-mediated hyperthermia (MHT) is a promising tumor theranostic technology due to its noninvasive nature and ability to penetrate deep tissues without greatly damaging normal tissues. To advance the clinical translation and application of MHT, we present a comprehensive overview of topics related to MHT, including the basic physical heating principles, magnetic nanoparticle design, biological effects and theranostic applications. First, the fundamental physical principles through which magnetic nanoparticles mediate hyperthermia are reviewed in detail. Subsequently, strategies to increase the magnetothermal effect and biological effects of MHT are highlighted. Then, MHT and multitechnology integration applications in precision diagnosis and treatment are introduced. Finally, the key challenges and outlooks of MHT for clinical purposes are discussed.</p>