Anti-proliferative, Morphological and Molecular Docking Studies of New Thiophene Derivatives and their Strategy in Ionic Liquids Immobilized Reactions

Background: A number of research were conducted on the pyran and thiophene derivatives, which were attributed to have a wide range of biological activities, including anti-plasmodial, as well as acting as caspase, hepatitis C and cancer inhibitors. Objective: The multicomponent reactions of the 5-acetyl-2-amino-4-(phenylamino)-thiophene-3-carbonitrile produced biologically active target molecules like pyran and their fused derivatives. Comparison between regular catalytic multi-component reactions and solvent-free ionic liquids immobilized multicomponent was studied. Method: The multicomponent reactions in this work were carried out not only under the reflux conditions using triethylamine as a catalyst but also in solvent-free ionic liquids immobilized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) catalysts. Results: Through this work, thirty-one new compounds were synthesized and characterized and were evaluated toward the six cancer cell lines, namely A549, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, and SMMC-7721 and H460. The most active compounds were further screened toward seventeen cancer cell lines classified according to the disease. In addition, the effect of compound 11e on the A549 cell line was selected to make further morphological changes in the cell line. The Molecular docking studies of 11e and 11f were carried and promising results were obtained. Conclusion: The synthesis of heterocyclic compounds derived from thiophene derivatives has been receiving significant attention. After a detailed optimizing study, it has been found that the solvent-free ionic liquids immobilized multi-component syntheses afforded a high yield of compounds, opening a greener procedure for this synthetically relevant transformation. Many of the synthesized compounds can be considered anticancer agents, enhancing further studies