Chemical constituents from the whole plant of Odontites vulgaris Moench and their chemotaxonomic significance

A phytochemical investigation of the whole plant of Odontites vulgaris Moench led to the isolation and characterization of 40 compounds, including ten terpenoids (1–10), seven sterols (11–17), seven flavonoids (18–24), five phenols (25–29), five lipids (30–34), four lignans (35–38), one alkaloid (39), and one benzensulfonic acid (40). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by interpretation of their NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with reported ones in the literature. This is the first confirmation of the presence of twenty-one compounds (2, 5, 6, 9–14, 17, 24, 27, 30–35, 38–40) isolated from the family Orobanchaceae, nine compounds (7, 8, 16, 22, 23, 25, 29, 36, 37) from the genus Odontites, and three compounds (3, 4, 15) from O. vulgaris. Furthermore, the chemotaxonomic significance of these constituents from the whole plant of O. vulgaris were also summarized.