癌症免疫疗法
免疫系统
免疫疗法
癌症疫苗
癌症
获得性免疫系统
抗原
免疫学
癌症研究
医学
生物
内科学
作者
Falak Goyal,Arnab Chattopadhyay,Umashanker Navik,Aklank Jain,P. Hemachandra Reddy,Gurjit Kaur Bhatti,Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
标识
DOI:10.1002/adtp.202300255
摘要
Abstract mRNA vaccines have long been recognized for their ability to induce robust immune responses. The discovery that mRNA vaccines may also contribute to antitumor immunity has made them a promising therapeutic approach against cancer. Recent advances in understanding of immune system are precious in developing therapeutic strategies that target pathways involved in tumor survival and progression, leading to the most reliable therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment history. Among all traditional cancer treatments, cancer immunotherapies are less toxic and more effective, even in advanced or recurrent stages of cancer. Recent advancements in genomics and machine learning algorithms give new insight into vaccine development. mRNA vaccines are designed to interfere with stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes pathways, activating more CD8+ T‐cells involved in destroying tumor cells and inhibiting tumor growth. A stronger immune response can be achieved by incorporating immunological adjuvants alongside mRNA. Nonformulated or vehicle‐based mRNA vaccines, when combined with adjuvants, efficiently express tumor antigens through antigen‐presenting cells and stimulate both innate and adaptive immune responses. Codelivery with additional immunotherapeutic agents, such as checkpoint inhibitors, further enhances the efficacy of mRNA vaccines. This article focuses on the current clinical approaches and challenges to consider when developing mRNA‐based vaccine technology for cancer treatment.
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