Pressure swing adsorption process modelling using physics-informed machine learning with transfer learning and labeled data

Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) modeling remains a challenging task since it exhibits strong dynamic and cyclic behavior. This study presents a systematic physics-informed machine learning method that integrates transfer learning and labeled data to construct a spatiotemporal model of the PSA process. To approximate the latent solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs) in the specific steps of pressurization, adsorption, heavy reflux, counter-current depressurization, and light reflux, the system's network representation is decomposed into five lightweight sub-networks. On this basis, we propose a parameter-based transfer learning (TL) combined with domain decomposition to address the long-term integration of periodic PDEs and expedite the network training process. Moreover, to tackle challenges related to sharp adsorption fronts, our method allows for the inclusion of a specified amount of labeled data at the boundaries and/or within the system in the loss function. The results show that the proposed method closely matches the outcomes achieved through the conventional numerical method, effectively simulating all steps and cyclic behavior within the PSA processes.