Robust palladium oxide nano-cluster catalysts using atomic ions and strong interactions for high-performance methane oxidation

Optimizing metal catalyst structures to achieve desired states is vital for efficient surface reactions, yet remains challenging due to the lack of well-defined precursor materials and weak metal-support interaction. Palladium-based catalysts, when not properly tailored for complete methane oxidation exhibit insufficient performance. Herein, we fabricate Pd oxide nano-clusters supported on SSZ-13 using atomic ions with strong metal-support interaction (SMSI). Steam treatment of Pd/SSZ-13 transforms Pd particles into ions and induces SMSI. Subsequently, CO reduction and O