Formulation of casein-based matrix and mechanical strength performance of casein-based composite materials: An insight for sustainable applications

Casein-based composite materials have emerged as promising candidates for sustainable applications due to their biodegradability and favourable mechanical properties. This study explores the formulation of a casein-based matrices and provides a detailed analysis of the mechanical strength performance of composites made from casein-based matrices, recycled cellulose acetate, and recycled cellulose recovered from cigarette butts, with a focus on shear, and flexural strength. Additionally, the impact resistance of these materials is evaluated using Charpy tests. All mechanical tests conducted not only assess the mechanical capabilities of these composites but also evaluate the fiber-matrix adhesion, which is fundamental for ensuring the integrity and performance of the materials under various stress conditions. Potential applications of these composites in packaging, construction, automotive, aerospace, medical, and textile industries are explored, highlighting their significant role in reducing environmental impact and decreasing reliance on non-renewable resources. Challenges such as water sensitivity and scalability are discussed, along with future research directions aimed at enhancing the performance and applicability of casein-based materials. This study underscores the viability of casein-based composites as sustainable alternatives across various industrial applications, contributing to the development of eco-friendly materials.