Black Phosphorus Nanosheets-Loaded Single-Atom Gold Nanoenzymes for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Conventional treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lack efficacy and targeting abilities. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising alternative for targeted and minimally invasive tumor treatments. However, many biomaterials used in PDT pose biosafety concerns and insufficient enzyme activity often leads to limited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, resulting in poor PDT efficacy. Single-atom nanoenzymes have attracted much research attention as a novel type of high-performance nanoenzymes.