医学
血糖性
胰岛素
药效学
药代动力学
胰岛素抵抗
基础胰岛素
基础(医学)
糖尿病
2型糖尿病
2型糖尿病
药理学
夹紧
药品
内分泌学
内科学
机械工程
夹紧
工程类
作者
Na An,Xuhong Wang,Anshun He,Wei Chen
摘要
Abstract Diabetes mellitus represents a significant global health threat characterized by hyperglycemia caused by inadequate insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance. Exogenous insulin supplements had been recognized as a crucial treatment for achieving successful glycemic control in patients with Type 1 and most patients with Type 2 diabetes. Over the past century, substantial progress has been made in the development of novel insulin formulations, including the super‐fast‐acting and long‐acting basal insulin analogs, of which the latter is indispensable for the management of nocturnal fasting and intraprandial blood glucose within the normal physiological range. Recently, combining chemical and genetic engineering with drug optimization have resulted in a formidable evolution in ultra‐long‐acting weekly insulin. Here, the current state of once‐weekly insulin analogs and the euglycemic clamp technique used in the early clinical development to elucidate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of this type of novel weekly insulin analogs were systematically overviewed.
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