The chapter provides an overall overview of the principle, history, and modern applications of electrodeposition in the production of metal oxide nanostructures. The chapter highlights the electrodeposition process for various metal oxides such as Fe2O3, ZnO, Cu2O, MnO2, Bi2O3, NiO, WO3, and binary-ternary metal oxides. The advantages and disadvantages of the electrodeposition method are also discussed. Finally, the chapter concludes by exploring the modern applications of electrodeposited metal oxides, including their use in nanotechnology, energy storage, supercapacitors, batteries, solar cell, fuel cell, catalysis, and water splitting etc. This comprehensive overview will be of interest to researchers and engineers working in the field of materials science, as well as those studying electrochemistry and nanostructure synthesis.