Recent advancements in Raman instrumentation and capabilities for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications

Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a nondestructive analytical method extensively utilized in the field of biomedical, and pharmaceutical applications due to their high sensitivity, noninvasive, and selective interaction with biomolecules. This method is significantly used in clinical diagnosis in both in vitro and in vivo to observe the structural and morphological changes in the biological fluids. In this review, we focused on the pharmaceutical and medical importance of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The review explores the applications of RS in drug manufacturing and process control, drug quality, and the discussion, including the capabilities of RS in cancer treatment, and in vivo applications. Finally, we discussed the modern Raman devices and future perspectives. Even though the summarized studies provide interesting and useful information about RS for pharmaceutical and biomedical field researchers, we expect that a collaborative approach between academicians and scientists from various disciplines and healthcare professionals will produce additional fundamental insights into RS-based applications shortly.