Design principle and synthetic strategy for metal-organic framework composites

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have sparked widespread interest in various applications owing to their large specific surface areas, rich surface chemistries, and controllable pore sizes. Pure MOFs with poor stability and weak mechanical strength usually cannot meet actual requirements, such as high-temperature catalysis and extensive energy storage. Nevertheless, MOF composites with the advantages of both MOFs and functional materials show enhanced properties and high stability through the synergistic effect. Herein, the latest research advancements in the design principles and synthesis of MOF composites that combine MOFs with functional materials (such as metal-based materials, MOFs, and carbon materials) are highlighted. Moreover, the summary of the applicability, strengths, and weaknesses of various synthetic strategies provides inspiration for the synthesis of MOF-based materials. Finally, future prospects and challenges regarding the advancements in MOF-based materials are proposed.