Aftershock Sequence and Statistics of the 2017 Mw 5.5 Pohang, South Korea, Earthquake: Implications of Fault Heterogeneity and Postseismic Relaxation

余震 地震学 地质学 前震 断层(地质) 应力场 地震灾害 序列(生物学) 构造学 地震构造 地震记录 空间分布 地震间隙 生物 热力学 物理 有限元法 遥感 遗传学
作者
Jeong‐Ung Woo,Minook Kim,Junkee Rhie,Tae‐Seob Kang
出处
期刊:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America [Seismological Society of America]
卷期号:110 (5): 2031-2046 被引量:12
标识
DOI:10.1785/0120200059
摘要

ABSTRACT The sequence of foreshocks, mainshock, and aftershocks associated with a fault rupture is the result of interactions of complex fault systems, the tectonic stress field, and fluid movement. Analysis of shock sequences can aid our understanding of the spatial distribution and magnitude of these factors, as well as provide seismic hazard assessment. The 2017 Mw 5.5 Pohang earthquake sequence occurred following fluid-induced seismic activity at a nearby enhanced geothermal system site and is an example of reactivation of a critically stressed fault system in the Pohang basin, South Korea. We created an earthquake catalog based on unsupervised data mining and measuring the energy ratio between short- and long-window seismograms recorded by a temporary seismic network. The spatial distribution of approximately 4000 relocated aftershocks revealed four fault segments striking southwestward. We also determined that the three largest earthquakes (ML>4) were located at the boundary of two fault segments. We infer that locally concentrated stress at the junctions of the faults caused such large earthquakes and that their ruptures on multiple segments can explain the high proportion of non-double-couple components. The area affected by aftershocks continues to expand to the southwest and northeast by 0.5 and 1 km decade−1, respectively, which may result from postseismic deformation or sequentially transferred static coulomb stress. The b-values of the Gutenberg–Richter relationship temporarily increased for the first three days of the aftershock sequence, suggesting that the stress field was perturbed. The b-values were generally low (<1) and locally variable throughout the aftershock area, which may be due to the complex fault structures and material properties. Furthermore, the mapped p-values of the Omori law vary along strike, which may indicate anisotropic expansion speeds in the aftershock region.
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