Effects of intermittent fasting and energy-restricted diets on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis

荟萃分析 医学 置信区间 随机效应模型 内科学 血脂谱 子群分析 科学网 出版偏见 相对风险 胆固醇
作者
Haiyan Meng,Lei Zhu,Hamed Kord‐Varkaneh,Heitor O. Santos,Grant M. Tinsley,Peng Fu
出处
期刊:Nutrition [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:77: 110801-110801 被引量:102
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2020.110801
摘要

Abstract Objectives To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review and meta-analysis has evaluated the cholesterol-lowering effects of intermittent fasting (IF) and energy-restricted diets (ERD) compared with control groups. The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to summarize the effects of controlled clinical trials examining the influence of IF and ERD on lipid profiles. Methods A systematic review of four independent databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) was performed to identify clinical trials reporting the effects of IF or ERD, relative to non-diet controls, on lipid profiles in humans. A random-effects model, employing the method of DerSimonian and Laird, was used to evaluate effect sizes, and results were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity between studies was calculated using Higgins I2, with values ≥50% considered to represent high heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were performed to examine the influence of intervention type, baseline lipid concentrations, degree of energy deficit, sex, health status, and intervention duration. Results For the outcomes of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triacylglycerols (TG), there were 34, 33, 35, and 33 studies meeting all inclusion criteria, respectively. Overall, results from the random-effects model indicated that IF and ERD interventions resulted significant changes in TC (WMD, –6.93 mg/dL; 95% CI, –10.18 to –3.67; P Conclusions Relative to a non-diet control, IF and ERD are effective for the improvement of circulating TC, LDL-C, and TG concentrations, but have no meaningful effects on HDL-C concentration. These effects are influenced by several factors that may inform clinical practice and future research. The present results suggest that these dietary practices are a means of enhancing the lipid profile in humans.
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