[Molecular markers for the monitoring of malignant transformation of hepatocytes and early diagnosis of liver cancer].

The monitoring of malignant transformation of hepatocytes or early diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) remains a challenge in the medical world. Routine examinations including serum alpha-fetoprotein level and ultrasound examination have a limited value in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma; however, the effective treatment of PHC depends on its early diagnosis. In recent years, molecular markers including important signaling molecules in PHC-related pathways, carcinoembryonic proteins, and non-coding RNA help with the monitoring of malignant transformation of hepatocytes or early diagnosis of liver cancer. This article reviews the valuable molecular markers in the monitoring of malignant transformation of hepatocytes or early diagnosis of liver cancer.如何监测肝细胞的恶性转化或早期诊断原发性肝细胞癌(PHC)仍是医学界的难题。常规的血清甲胎蛋白水平及B超检查，对小肝癌诊断价值有限，然而PHC的有效治疗取决于早期诊断。近来发现的PHC相关通路关键信号分子、癌胚型蛋白和非编码RNA等分子标志物，有助于监测肝细胞恶性转化及肝癌的早期诊断。现综述监测肝细胞恶性转化及肝癌早期诊断有价值的分子标志物。.