The deep challenge of nitrate pollution in river water of China

硝酸盐 环境科学 污染 水污染 水资源管理 深水 环境化学 河流污染 中国 海洋学 地质学 地理 生态学 化学 考古 生物
作者
Xin Zhang,Yan Zhang,Peng Shi,Zhilei Bi,Zexuan Shan,Lijiang Ren
出处
期刊:Science of The Total Environment [Elsevier]
卷期号:770: 144674-144674 被引量:247
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144674
摘要

Nitrate pollution of surface water has attracted global attention, and the issue is becoming increasingly significant in China. To identify the pollution status, sources, and potential non-carcinogenic health risks of nitrate in China's river water, nitrate data from 71 major rivers from 30 provinces were systematically collected. The spatial distribution of nitrate concentrations in river water was analyzed, and the main nitrate pollution sources were revealed based on the presence of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate. The results show that approximately 7.83% of samples in China exceeded the national drinking water standard for nitrate (45 mg/L). The concentrations of nitrate in Mudan River (Linkou County), Haihe (Beijing), and Yangtze River estuary (Shanghai) exceed 90 mg/L, which indicates severe pollution. The characteristic values of δ15N and δ18O of river water in China range from −23.5‰ to 26.99‰ and − 12.7‰ to 83.5‰, indicate many sources including inorganic fertilizer, soil nitrogen, wastewater or manure. The primary sources of nitrate in river water of Northeast, Northwest, Southwest, and South China were manure, septic waste, inorganic fertilizer, and soil organic matter nitrification. Manure and septic waste were the major source of nitrate in Central, East, and North China. Correlation analysis revealed that the nitrate concentrations of surface water has a positive relationship with GDP, nitrogen fertilizer application usage, wastewater discharge, and population in China. Non-carcinogenic risk of nitrate was identified in 80% of the regions in China, and potential moderate non-carcinogenic risk areas are Shanghai, Beijing, and Shaanxi. It is urgent to solve the problem of pollution and prevent the further pollution of China's river water. Though the new “10-point Water Plan” issued by the Chinese government solved previous problems, it will take decades to control and repair polluted surface water.
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