神经保护
药理学
下调和上调
细胞凋亡
炎症
医学
缺血
冲程(发动机)
麻醉
促炎细胞因子
免疫学
内科学
化学
生物化学
基因
工程类
机械工程
作者
Seyedeh Mahdieh Khoshnazar,Siavash Parvardeh,Mohammad Reza Bigdeli
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104977
摘要
Ischemic stroke is a severe neurological disorder that affected millions of people worldwide. Neuro-inflammation and apoptosis play an essential role in the pathogenesis of neuronal death during ischemic stroke. Alpha-pinene is a bicyclic terpenoid with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to assess the protective effect of α-pinene in ischemic stroke.To induce ischemic stroke in male Wistar rats, the middle cerebral artery was occluded for 60 min followed by 24 h reperfusion. Alpha-pinene was injected intraperitoneally at the beginning of reperfusion. A day after reperfusion, the neurological deficits, volume of infarct area, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability were evaluated. The mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines as well as pro- and anti-apoptotic genes was assessed by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of inflammatory cytokines were also measured by ELISA method.The results showed that α-pinene (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly improved sensorimotor function and decreased the volume of infarct area in the brain. The high permeability of BBB was also alleviated by α-pinene (50 and 100 mg/kg) in ischemic areas. Besides, α-pinene (100 mg/kg) attenuated neuro-inflammation through decreasing both the gene and protein expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the hippocampus, cortex, and striatum. Besides, α-pinene (100 mg/kg) suppressed apoptosis via downregulation of the pro-apoptotic Bax mRNA expression with a concomitant upregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression.Overall, it was concluded that α-pinene exerts neuroprotective effect during ischemic stroke through attenuating neuroinflammation and inhibition of apoptosis.
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