Construction of LRET-Based Nanoprobe Using Upconversion Nanoparticles with Confined Emitters and Bared Surface as Luminophore

发光体 化学 光子上转换 纳米探针 发光 生物相容性 纳米颗粒 纳米技术 材料科学 生物物理学 离子 光电子学 有机化学 生物
作者
Zhen Li,Songwei Lv,Yali Wang,Shiyu Chen,Zhihong Liu
出处
期刊:Journal of the American Chemical Society [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:137 (9): 3421-3427 被引量:198
标识
DOI:10.1021/jacs.5b01504
摘要

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are promising energy donors for luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) and have widely been used to construct nanoprobes. To improve the LRET efficiency, which is currently a limiting factor for UCNPs-based bioassay, we herein propose a strategy to construct LRET-based nanoprobe using UCNPs with confined emitters and bared surface as the luminophore, with Ca(2+) as the proof-of-concept target. The sandwich-structure upconversion nanoparticles (SWUCNPs) are designed with a core-inner shell-outer shell architecture, in which the emitting ions (Ln(3+)) are precisely located in the inner shell near the particle surface, which is close enough to external energy acceptors. The target receptor (Fluo-4) is directly tagged on bared surface of SWUCNPs, which further reduces the donor-to-acceptor distance. Our strategy contributes to significantly improved LRET efficiency and hence affords an ultrahigh sensitivity for Ca(2+) detection. The as-constructed nanoprobe is structurally stable and exhibits good biocompatibility, which ensures uptake and reliable observation in living cells. The nanoprobe can be used for monitoring the different levels of cytosol [Ca(2+)] in living cells. Furthermore, it is applicable in Ca(2+) imaging in mice liver tissues.
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