北极的
环境科学
永久冻土
峡湾
雪
冰川
Mercury(编程语言)
冰层
陆地生态系统
生态系统
北极植被
海洋学
土壤水分
生物地球化学循环
北极地球工程
海冰
自然地理学
地质学
北极冰盖
冻土带
生态学
南极海冰
地貌学
地理
土壤科学
生物
程序设计语言
计算机科学
作者
Ashu Dastoor,Hélène Angot,Johannes Bieser,J. H. Christensen,Thomas A. Douglas,Lars-Eric Heimbürger-Boavida,Martin Jiskra,Robert P. Mason,David S. McLagan,Daniel Obrist,P.M. Outridge,Mariia Petrova,Andrei Ryjkov,Kyra A. St. Pierre,Amina T. Schartup,Anne L. Soerensen,K. Toyota,Oleg Travnikov,Simon Wilson,Christian Zdanowicz
标识
DOI:10.1038/s43017-022-00269-w
摘要
Anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emissions have driven marked increases in Arctic Hg levels, which are now being impacted by regional warming, with uncertain ecological consequences. This Review presents a comprehensive assessment of the present-day total Hg mass balance in the Arctic. Over 98% of atmospheric Hg is emitted outside the region and is transported to the Arctic via long-range air and ocean transport. Around two thirds of this Hg is deposited in terrestrial ecosystems, where it predominantly accumulates in soils via vegetation uptake. Rivers and coastal erosion transfer about 80 Mg year−1 of terrestrial Hg to the Arctic Ocean, in approximate balance with modelled net terrestrial Hg deposition in the region. The revised Arctic Ocean Hg mass balance suggests net atmospheric Hg deposition to the ocean and that Hg burial in inner-shelf sediments is underestimated (up to >100%), needing seasonal observations of sediment-ocean Hg exchange. Terrestrial Hg mobilization pathways from soils and the cryosphere (permafrost, ice, snow and glaciers) remain uncertain. Improved soil, snowpack and glacial Hg inventories, transfer mechanisms of riverine Hg releases under accelerated glacier and soil thaw, coupled atmosphere–terrestrial modelling and monitoring of Hg in sensitive ecosystems such as fjords can help to anticipate impacts on downstream Arctic ecosystems. Mercury is emitted by anthropogenic activities and accumulates in the Arctic. This Review presents a mercury budget for the Arctic, describing fluxes and cycling.
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