刺蕊草属
广藿香
倍半萜
杰马克林
萜烯
萜类
生物化学
生物合成
生物
精油
ATP合酶
焦磷酸法尼酯
立体化学
化学
植物
酶
传统医学
医学
作者
Fabienne Deguerry,Laurence Pastore,Shuiqin Wu,Anthony Clark,Joseph Chappell,Michel Schalk
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.abb.2006.08.006
摘要
Pogostemon cablin (patchouli), like many plants within the Lamiaceae, accumulates large amounts of essential oil. Patchouli oil is unique because it consists of over 24 different sesquiterpenes, rather than a blend of different mono-, sesqui- and di-terpene compounds. To determine if this complex mixture of sesquiterpenes arises from an equal number of unique sesquiterpene synthases, we developed a RT-PCR strategy to isolate and functionally characterize the respective patchouli oil synthase genes. Unexpectedly, only five terpene synthase cDNA genes were isolated. Four of the cDNAs encode for synthases catalyzing the biosynthesis of one major sesquiterpene, including a gamma-curcumene synthase, two germacrene D synthases, and a germacrene A synthase. The fifth cDNA encodes for a patchoulol synthase, which catalyzes the conversion of FPP to patchoulol plus at least 13 additional sesquiterpene products. Equally intriguing, the yield of the different in vitro reaction products resembles quantitatively and qualitatively the profile of sesquiterpenes found in patchouli oil extracted from plants, suggesting that a single terpene synthase is responsible for the bulk and diversity of terpene products produced in planta.
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