Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in Spanish Y TERMINO EN ESPAÑOL: toward a typology of code-switching1

The occurr.ence of co.de-switching, or the, ser:mzngly random alternation of two languages both between and within sentences; has been shown (Gumperz; 1976;• Pfciff,.1975;Well'tZ, i977) to' be• governed not only by, extra'-lingufstic but also linguistic!actors.For the balanced bilingual,(}'Odeswitching appears to be subject to an 'equivalence ciJnstraint' (Poplack, 1978): i:e.irtends to occur cit points in discourse wherejuxtaposiiion ofL 1 and L 2 elements does not violate a surface~yiitactic rule ofeithe.rlanguage!If cbrreci;ilie equivalence constraint •on c@de'l'switchingmay bie~sed to measure 'degrr;e of bilingy,al 'ability./It was Hypothesized that.•equivalence