A review of maternally inherited diabetes and deafness

Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD), a mitochondrial disease first described in 1992, results from the mitochondrial DNA mutation and affects up to 1% of the patients with diabetes. This review discusses the biomedical mechanisms of MIDD patients; summarizes the recent improvement of clinical and genetic diagnosis of MIDD; outlines the advances of the clinical management of these patients and their families.