[Expert consensus on PD-L1 expression testing in esophageal carcinoma in China].

In recent years, immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors programmed death 1 (PD-1) has made great progress in the treatment of esophageal cancer and is rewriting the global paradigm for the treatment of esophageal cancer. According to current data, only a small number of patients with esophageal cancer could benefit from immunotherapy. Therefore, it is a challenge to screen the potential beneficiaries of PD-1 inhibitors. Studies have shown that the expression level of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in esophageal cancer is closely associated with the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors, and PD-L1 is the most important predictive biomarker of the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors. With the clinical application of different PD-1 inhibitors and PD-L1 protein expression detection platforms, clarifying the clinical significance and timing of detection of PD-L1 protein expression in esophageal cancer, and establishing a standardized PD-L1 testing procedure, are of great significance to improve the accuracy of detection and reduce the difference between laboratories, so as to maximize the therapeutic benefits for patients. This consensus was finally reached, based on the combination of literature, expert experience, and internal discussion and voting of committee members, to provide an accurate and reliable evidence for clinicians to make decisions.近年来，以程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)免疫检查点抑制剂为代表的免疫治疗在食管癌治疗领域取得了巨大进展，并逐步改写着全球食管癌的治疗模式。但仅有部分食管癌患者能从免疫治疗中显著获益，因此如何筛选出PD-1抑制剂的潜在获益人群是目前面临的重要挑战。食管癌程序性死亡受体配体(PD-L1)蛋白表达水平与PD-1抑制剂疗效密切相关，是目前最重要的疗效预测标志物。随着不同PD-1抑制剂和PD-L1蛋白表达检测平台的临床应用，明确食管癌PD-L1蛋白表达检测的临床意义、检测时机、建立规范化和标准化检测流程有助于提高检测结果的准确性和降低室间差异性，使患者获益更大。结合相关文献、专家经验、委员会成员内部讨论和投票最终达成中国食管癌PD-L1蛋白表达检测临床病理专家共识，以期为临床医师决策提供准确可靠的依据。.