A reluctance-based electromagnetic transient model for the Sen Transformer with inter-turn fault

In order to analyze the electromagnetic characteristics of the Sen Transformer (ST) in the event of an inter-turn fault (ITF), an electromagnetic transient model of the ST with ITF based on reluctance is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the magnetic equivalent circuit model of the ST with ITF is established based on the magnetic coupling relationship among the internal windings of the ST with ITF. Secondly, the electrical analytical model for the current in each winding of the ST with ITF is derived from the electrical connection established the ST with ITF and the external system. Finally, the electromagnetic transient model of the ST with ITF can be obtained by combining the magnetic equivalent circuit model with the electrical analytical model. The J-A hysteresis model is employed for representing the saturation characteristics of the iron core and the hysteresis effects. Meanwhile, an energy method is used to calculate the leakage reluctance between the windings. Three case studies have been conducted with the assistance of MATLAB and ANSYS/Maxwell. The results of the analytical calculations are compared with the time-domain simulation to verify the validity of the model. Furthermore, the growth of the current in the fault phase is significant after an ITF occurs in the ST, while the growths of the currents in the non-fault phases are very small. Moreover, the effects of the number of fault turns and the fault location on the current in the ST with ITF are further analyzed.