Kaempferol Metal Complexes: A Multifaceted Approach to Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activities

This extensive review explores kaempferol complexes' synthesis, characterization, and biological activities. Kaempferol, a bioactive flavonoid found in plants, exhibits promising therapeutic properties that can be strengthened through complexing using metal ions. The review discusses different metal ions used for complexation and various synthetic approaches. Characterization techniques such as spectroscopy, crystallography, and mass spectrometry are employed to analyze the structure and properties of these complexes. Investigating the biological activities of kaempferol complexes reveals their diverse effects. This review sheds light on their potential for therapeutic interventions and encourages further research in this field by providing valuable insights into the synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of kaempferol complexes. Future research directions include improving complex stability, enhancing bioavailability, and exploring novel synthesis strategies. Overall, this comprehensive review underscores the importance of unraveling the characterization of kaempferol complexes to harness their full potential in various fields. The knowledge gained from this review can contribute to developing novel therapeutic agents and promote advancements in using kaempferol complexes for improved health outcomes.