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Emotion-Induced Frontal Alpha Asymmetry as a Candidate Predictor of Relapse After Discontinuation of Antidepressant Medication

中止 抗抑郁药 心理学 临床心理学 精神科 抗抑郁药 医学 内科学 焦虑
作者
Isabel M. Berwian,Marius Tröndle,Carlota de Miquel,Anastasios Ziogas,Gábor Stefanics,Henrik Walter,Klaas Ε. Stephan,Quentin J. M. Huys
出处
期刊:Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging [Elsevier]
卷期号:9 (8): 809-818
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.05.001
摘要

One in three patients relapse after antidepressant discontinuation. Thus, the prevention of relapse after achieving remission is an important component in the long-term management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, no clinical or other predictors are established. Frontal reactivity to sad mood as measured by fMRI has been reported to relate to relapse independently of antidepressant discontinuation and is an interesting candidate predictor. Patients (n=56) who had remitted from a depressive episode while taking antidepressants underwent EEG recording during a sad mood induction procedure prior to gradually discontinuing their medication. Relapse was assessed over a six-months follow-up period. 35 healthy controls were also tested. Current source density of the EEG power in the α band (8-13Hz) was extracted and alpha-asymmetry was computed by comparing the power across two hemispheres at frontal electrodes (F5 and F6). Sad mood induction was robust across all groups. Reactivity of α-asymmetry to sad mood did not distinguish healthy controls from patients with remitted MDD on medication. However, the 14 (25%) patients who relapsed during the follow-up period after discontinuing medication showed significantly reduced reactivity in α- asymmetry compared to patients who remained well. This EEG signal provided predictive power (69% out-of-sample balanced accuracy and a positive predictive value of 0.75). A simple EEG-based measure of emotional reactivity may have potential to contribute to clinical prediction models of antidepressant discontinuation. Given the very small sample size, this finding must be interpreted with caution and requires replication in a larger study.
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