[The cutting-edge developments and future prospects of enabling technologies in spinal surgery clinical treatments].

The technology in spinal surgery clinical treatment is undergoing revolutionary changes in recent years. Artificial intelligence shows promise in enhancing diagnosis, personalizing treatment, and predicting outcomes. Robotic surgery improves safety and precision but its cost-effectiveness limits widespread use. Augmented reality can enhance screw placement accuracy and efficiency, yet requires refinement in precision and user interaction. Three-dimensional printing, through personalized guides and implants, optimizes surgical procedures, though further clinical studies are needed to validate long-term benefits. New implant designs and materials, facilitated by topological optimization, carbon fiber composite polyetheretherketone, present opportunities for creating anatomically and biomechanically congruent spinal implants. This review analyzes the potential and challenges of these advancements in improving surgical accuracy, reducing complications, and meeting individualized treatment needs, aiming to foster the development of more effective and safer spinal surgical techniques. These technologies collectively offer enhanced precision and patient outcomes, signifying a transformative shift in spinal healthcare.近年来，脊柱外科领域正经历一场突破性的变革。人工智能在提高脊柱畸形诊断能力，推动个体化治疗和预测手术结局方面展现出强大潜力；脊柱机器人手术辅助系统、术中增强现实技术等提高了手术操作的稳定性与安全性，但仍需解决成本、精度与交互设计等问题。三维打印技术在脊柱外科的临床应用已日益成熟，拓扑优化等新兴设计理念以及以碳纤维聚醚醚酮为代表的新兴材料，为创建更符合解剖结构和生物力学需求的脊柱内植物提供了新方向。本文分析了各技术在提高手术操作精准性、减少并发症和满足个体化治疗需求方面的优势和挑战，旨在提供一个综合性的视角，推动脊柱手术技术朝更安全、高效的方向健康发展。.