The application of behavioral change theories in addressing vaccine hesitancy: A Literature Review

Abstract Vaccination is vital in combating infectious diseases, including COVID‐19. Nevertheless, vaccine hesitancy poses a substantial obstacle to achieving high vaccination rates. This study investigated the determinants of vaccine hesitancy using behavioral change theories and proposes a comprehensive conceptual framework to address this challenge.The paper conducted a review of several behavior change theories relevant to understanding vaccine hesitancy. The health belief model (HBM) highlighted the importance of individuals' perceptions of the effectiveness of health behaviors and their perceived susceptibility to illness. The social cognitive model (SCT) underscored the role of personal experiences, environmental factors, and social support in shaping health behaviors. The theory of reasoned action and planned behavior (TRA) suggested that attitudes and subjective norms are crucial in determining behavioral intentions. The transtheoretical model (TTM) outlined stages of behavior change, while the socio–ecological model (SEM) considered factors at individual, relationship, community, and societal levels. Comprehending vaccine hesitancy is essential for developing effective strategies to promote vaccine acceptance. This study, which examined vaccine hesitancy through various behavior change theories, sought to shed light on the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy among Filipinos. The resulting conceptual framework offers guidance for future interventions aimed at addressing vaccine hesitancy and ultimately improving vaccination rates.