Responses of Dendritic Cells to Different Coatings of Titanium

Significant inflammation of the tissues surrounding a fixed implant is associated with activation of dendritic cells (DC). In this work, the effect of surface modification of the titanium implants on the maturation of DC was examined. The method of formation of bioactive calcium-phosphate coating on commercially pure titanium VT1-0 by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) has been developed. Plates without coating (Ti), with calcium phosphate coating formed by PEO (PEO Ti) and with hydroxyapatite coating obtained by boiling of the PEO coated samples in 20 % NaOH aqueous solution (HA PEO Ti) were used as samples. It was snowed that CD86 level on both PEO Ti and HA PEO Ti samples is higher than on the Ti sample. Furthermore, the method of Scanning Electron Microscopy showed that in the cells contacting with PEO Ti or HA PEO Ti samples the maturation processes of DCs were more rapid than on Ti sample. After a 24 h exposure to the Ti the percent DC recovery (recovered DCs/plated DCs) was not different (p < 0.01) from the other samples of Ti. Cells growing on Ti were small, round, flattened and lobulated, whereas those on PEO Ti and PEO HA Ti were larger with numerous microvilli and dendritic pseudopodia. These features of morphology cells pointed on the process of DCs maturation. Thus, it was demonstrated that the surface modification of Ti influences on the rate of DC maturation, and PEO HA Ti is less immunoreactive as compared to other samples.