A liquid cooling technology based on fluorocarbons for lithium-ion battery thermal safety

In this work, five types of fluorocarbon-based coolants were systematically studied in the direct liquid cooling technology for lithium-ion battery thermal safety. The results of battery discharge/charge cycle tests illustrate that the direct liquid cooling method has better performance, irrespective of the cooling effect or battery state of health, than the natural air cooling method. In addition, two-phase (liquid/vapor) cooling for low boiling point coolants has a stronger thermal control ability than single phase cooling for high boiling point coolants. Moreover, the thermal runaway suppression experiment indicates that the fluorocarbon-based direct liquid cooling technology can effectively suppress or avoid battery thermal runaway. Furthermore, except for 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (BTP), all coolants showed excellent compatibility with batteries. This work provides an essential basis for designing direct liquid cooling technology with fluorocarbons. • Five types of fluorocarbon-based coolants were systematically studied in the direct liquid cooling technology. • Two-phase (liquid/vapor) cooling showed strongest thermal control ability. • Most of the coolants presented excellent compatibility with battery. • This work provides an essential basis for designing direct liquid cooling technology with fluorocarbons.