Synthesis and Characterization of Organic-Inorganic Layered Perovskite Compounds Using Fullerene Derivatives

Layered perovskite (RNH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 (R = organic cation), which contained the fullerene derivatives, [ethyl-3- tert -butoxycarbonylaminopropyl (1,2-methanofullerene C 60 )]-61,61-di carboxylate iodide (EAF-I) and di [3- tert -butoxycarbonylaminopropyl (1,2-methanofullerene C 60 )]- 61,61-dicarboxylate diiodide (DAF-I 2 ) in the organic layers were fabricated and compared with previously reported perovkite compound containing N -methyl-2-(4-aminophenyl)-fulleropyrrolidine iodide (AmPF-I). Because the solvent solubilities of EAF-I and DAF-I 2 to N,N -dimethylformamide (DMF) were higher than AmPF-I, the film processability of EAF-I and DAF-I 2 was improved compared with AmPF-I. The X-ray diffraction patterns proved the construction of the perovskite structure in (EAF) 2 PbI 4 and (AmPF) 2 PbI 4 cast films. EAF was well-organized and closer-packing than AmPF in the perovskite structure. For the diamine-type fullerene, DAF-I 2 , it is difficult to form layered structure by spin-coated or cast methods. New sharp X-ray diffraction peaks were observed for DAF-I 2 films dipped in PbI 2 solution. The intercalations and formation of perovskite structure of (DAF)PbI 4 were studied.