非理性
心理学
认知
情感(语言学)
社会心理学
自我
自我意识
认知心理学
因果链
理性
沟通
认识论
哲学
神经科学
出处
期刊:Psychological Review
[American Psychological Association]
日期:1990-01-01
卷期号:97 (1): 90-113
被引量:1445
标识
DOI:10.1037/0033-295x.97.1.90
摘要
Suicide is analyzed in terms of motivations to escape from aversive self-awareness. The causal chain begins with events that fall severely short of standards and expectations. These failures are attributed internally, which makes self-awareness painful. Awareness of the self's inadequacies generates negative affect, and the individual therefore desires to escape from self-awareness and the associated affect. The person tries to achieve a state of cognitive deconstruction (constricted temporal focus, concrete thinking, immediate or proximal goals, cognitive rigidity, and rejection of meaning), which helps prevent meaningful self-awareness and emotion. The deconstructed state brings irrationality and disinhibition, making drastic measures seem acceptable. Suicide can be seen as an ultimate step in the effort to escape from self and world.
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