A Mouse Model of Peanut Allergy Induced by Sensitization Through the Gastrointestinal Tract

Animal models of disease enable the study of the pathology, biomarkers, and treatments for the disease being studied. These models become particularly useful in the study of diseases, such as peanut allergy, that currently have no FDA-approved therapy options. Here, we describe a mouse model of peanut allergy using a peanut extract and cholera toxin that can be applied to both BALB/c and C3H/HeJ mouse strains. Sensitization is induced through the gastrointestinal tract resulting in elevated levels of peanut-specific IgE and anaphylaxis upon challenge with peanut proteins. This model has been used to study the cells and molecules involved in the development of peanut allergy and to evaluate novel immunotherapy approaches and the underlying mechanisms of immunotherapy. Potential utilities of this model are numerous and may include studies on microbial influences on peanut allergy and discovery of biomarkers of anaphylaxis.