Correlation between serum leptin level and body mass index (BMI) in patients with type II diabetes mellitus

To correlate serum leptin levels in obese and non-obese type 2 diabetic patients and compare them with healthy individuals.The case-control study was conducted at the Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, and the Rehman Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan, from June to November 2017, and comprised type 2 diabetic patients and and an equal number of healthy controls. Fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, serum leptin, and body mass index were assessed in obese and non-obese subjects. Relation between body mass index and serum leptin level was explored. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.Of the 96 subjects, 48(50%) were in each of the two groups. Among the cases, there were 23(48%) men and 25(52%) women with an overall mean age of 51.27±11.7 years. The control group had 28(58%) men and 20(42%) women with an overall mean age of 49.3±12.1 years. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in obese 9.42±1.87ng/ml and non-obese 7.21±3.78 ng/ml patients than the controls 5.38±2.20 ng/ml (p<0.05). Serum leptin concentration was significantly correlated with body mass index, fasting blood glucose and BMI, FBG and glycated haemoglobin (p<0.001 each).Increased levels of serum leptin could be used as a risk factor in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.