Tetrapyrrole macrocycle based conjugated two-dimensional mesoporous polymers and covalent organic frameworks: From synthesis to material applications

Significant progress has been achieved in the synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) or mesoporous polymers (MPs) with various application potentials in the past decade. Integration of tetrapyrrole chromophores, i.e. porphyrin and phthalocyanine, into the conjugated two-dimensional COFs/MPs with the help of conjugated linking units renders the possibility of coupling the addressable tetrapyrrole functionality with general COF-based functional properties, resulting in a wide range of applications in heterogeneous catalysis, energy storage and conversion, environment-related opportunities, photoelectric and electronic devices. This paper highlights the progress achieved in this field and meanwhile gives some original perspectives that will stimulate further advances toward both fundamental research and application efforts.