Novel retinal vascular phenotypes for the potential assessment of long-term risk in living kidney donors

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a global prevalence of ≈10% and is independently associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD).1 The risk of CVD increases as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) declines and is highest in those with kidney failure.1 Kidney transplantation prolongs survival of patients with kidney failure, and transplantation of a kidney from a living donor is considered the optimal form of renal replacement therapy. However, kidney donation may be associated with longer-term risks of developing both CKD and CVD.