材料科学
掺杂剂
空位缺陷
石墨烯
分解水
MXenes公司
纳米技术
催化作用
电化学能量转换
电化学
过渡金属
氮化物
兴奋剂
化学
光电子学
物理化学
图层(电子)
光催化
生物化学
电极
结晶学
作者
Tianmi Tang,Zhenlü Wang,Jingqi Guan
出处
期刊:Chinese Journal of Catalysis
[China Science Publishing & Media Ltd.]
日期:2022-02-02
卷期号:43 (3): 636-678
被引量:127
标识
DOI:10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63945-1
摘要
The exploration of efficient and earth-rich electrocatalysts for electrochemical reactions is critical to the implementation of large-scale green energy conversion and storage techniques. Two-dimensional (2D) materials with distinctive structural and electrochemical properties provide fertile soil for researchers to harvest basic science and emerging applications, which can be divided into metal-free materials (such as graphene, carbon nitride and black phosphorus) and transition metal-based materials (such as halogenides, phosphates, oxides, hydroxides, and MXenes). For faultless 2D materials, they usually exhibit poor electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity because only edge sites can be available while the base surface is chemically inactive. Defect engineering is an effective strategy to generate active sites in 2D materials for improving electrocatalytic activity. This review presents feasible design strategies for constructing defect sites (including edge defects, vacancy defects and dopant derived defects) in 2D materials to improve their HER performance. The essential relationships between defect structures and electrocatalytic HER performance are discussed in detail, providing valuable guidance for rationally fabricating efficient HER electrocatalysts. The hydrogen adsorption/desorption energy can be optimized by constructing defect sites at different locations and by adjusting the local electronic structure to form unsaturated coordination states for efficient HER.
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