苯丙氨酸
内分泌学
内科学
酪氨酸
色氨酸
睾酮(贴片)
芳香族氨基酸
化学
醋酸环丙孕酮
雄激素
激素
氨基酸
血清素
医学
受体
生物化学
作者
Erik J. Giltay,Mark M. Smits,Louis Gooren,Frans G. Zitman,Michaëla Diamant,Tom Teerlink
出处
期刊:Neuroendocrinology
[S. Karger AG]
日期:2008-01-01
卷期号:88 (2): 103-110
被引量:21
摘要
Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan are essential aromatic amino acids and precursors of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine and serotonin. The aim of this study was to assess whether sex steroids affect plasma levels of these aromatic amino acids.15 male-to-female (M-F) transsexuals were treated with 100 microg/day ethinyl estradiol and 100 mg/day cyproterone acetate, and 14 female-to-male (F-M) transsexuals were treated with testosterone esters 250 mg i.m. per 2 weeks. Plasma levels of hormones and amino acids were measured at baseline and after 4 and 12 months of cross-sex hormone administration, and analyzed by general linear models for repeated measures.Plasma phenylalanine decreased by 7.5% (SD 3.0; p = 0.01); tyrosine by 18.3% (SD 4.6; p < 0.001), and tryptophan by 7.8% (SD 4.7; p = 0.03) after 12 months of estrogen + anti-androgen administration to M-F transsexuals. Administration of testosterone in F-M transsexuals did not induce significant changes in plasma levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine, but increased plasma tryptophan by 18.2% (SD 20.6; p = 0.001).Estrogens and anti-androgens reduce circulating levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan in men, whereas testosterone administration increases plasma tryptophan levels in women. Sex steroids may influence the availability of neurotransmitter precursors.
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