Analytical formulae connecting the “real” and the “apparent” nucleation rate and the nuclei number concentration for atmospheric nucleation events

成核 粒子数 粒子(生态学) 化学 航程(航空) 冷凝 云凝聚核 粒径 增长率 化学物理 热力学 统计物理学 物理 气溶胶 材料科学 物理化学 数学 几何学 有机化学 复合材料 地质学 海洋学 体积热力学
作者
Veli‐Matti Kerminen,Markku Kulmala
出处
期刊:Journal of Aerosol Science [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:33 (4): 609-622 被引量:341
标识
DOI:10.1016/s0021-8502(01)00194-x
摘要

A simple yet relatively accurate analytical formula has been derived between the “real” atmospheric nucleation rate and the rate at which the resulting clusters, or nuclei, appear at some larger size (the “apparent” nucleation rate) as a result of their growth by condensation. In addition, another analytical formula was derived that connects the nucleation rate and the total nuclei concentration in a desired size range. The derived formulae are applicable to situations in which there are no major fluctuations in the pre-existing particle size distribution or in the concentration of vapours responsible for the nuclei growth, and in which the total nuclei number concentration remains sufficiently low (<105–106 nuclei cm−3) to prevent effective self-coagulation between the nuclei. With the help of these formulae, an explicit nucleation scheme can be included into an atmospheric model without the requirement that the modelled particle diameter range must be extended down to one nanometer. In field measurements only the “apparent” nucleation rate can currently be determined. The derived formulae provide a means to convert this rate to a “real” nucleation rate, making it possible to test more rigorously the viability of different nucleation theories under atmospheric conditions.
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