Ultrasonic assisted adsorption of methylene blue dye and neural network model for adsorption of methylene blue dye by synthesised Mn-doped PbS nanoparticles

In the present study, the applicability of Mn-doped PbS nanoparticle synthesis for eliminating (methylene blue [MB]) dye rapidly from aqueous solutions was investigated. Identical techniques including Brunauer–Emmett–Teller theory, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy have been utilised to characterise this novel material. The investigation showed the applicability of Mn-doped PbS nanoparticles as an available, suitable and low-cost adsorbent for proper deletion of (MB) dye from aqueous media. Also, the impacts of variables including initial (MB) dye (X1), pH (X2), adsorbent dosage (X3), sonication time (X4), central composite design and response surface methodology (RSM) were shown. In the current article, the values of 10 mgL−1, 0.025 g and 6.0 and 5.0 min were considered as the ideal values for (MB) dye removal, respectively. The adsorption data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.999), and the maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) were observed to be 200.0 mg g−1 for (MB) dye at desired conditions. The pseudo-second-order kinetics coincides quite well with the kinetic results. The thermodynamic parameters including enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy were calculated for the adsorption of these (MB) dyes using Mn-doped PbS nanoparticles that are suitable, spontaneous and exothermic. The use of artificial neural network model as a tool for determining mean square error (=0.607) for (MB) dye removal by Mn-doped PbS nanoparticles. Ultrasonic power had important role in shortening the adsorption time of (MB) dye by enhancing the dispersion of adsorbent in solution. Overall, Mn-doped PbS nanoparticles could be a promising adsorbent material for (MB) dye removal from aqueous solutions in a short time.