梅尔特克
气体6
受体酪氨酸激酶
激酶
受体蛋白酪氨酸激酶
生物
细胞生物学
酪氨酸激酶
癌症研究
信号转导
程序性细胞死亡
蛋白激酶A
细胞凋亡
MAPK/ERK通路
ASK1
细胞
作者
Sean M. Post,Michael Andreeff,Courtney D. DiNardo,Joseph D. Khoury,Peter P. Ruvolo
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.118992
摘要
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases are critical regulators of signal transduction that support cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Dysregulation of normal Receptor Tyrosine Kinase function by mutation or other activity-altering event can be oncogenic or can impact the transformed malignant cell so it becomes particularly resistant to stress challenge, have increased proliferation, become evasive to immune surveillance, and may be more prone to metastasis of the tumor to other organ sites. The TAM family of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK) is emerging as important components of malignant cell survival in many cancers. The TAM kinases are important regulators of cellular homeostasis and proper cell differentiation in normal cells as receptors for their ligands GAS6 and Protein S. They also are critical to immune and inflammatory processes. In malignant cells, the TAM kinases can act as ligand independent co-receptors to mutant Receptor Tyrosine Kinases and in some cases (e.g. FLT3-ITD mutant) are required for their function. They also have a role in immune checkpoint surveillance. At the time of this review, the Covid-19 pandemic poses a global threat to world health. TAM kinases play an important role in host response to many viruses and it is suggested the TAM kinases may be important in aspects of Covid-19 biology. This review will cover the TAM kinases and their role in these processes. • TAM (TYRO3/AXL/MERTK) family of kinases is key regulators of cellular homeostasis, immune surveillance, and viral infection. • TAM kinases regulate key components of various cell death processes. • TAM kinases are emerging as potential targets for treatment of cancer and other diseases.
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