Thermodynamic Analysis of Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) System

Liquid air energy storage (LAES) uses air or nitrogen as a storage medium as well as a working fluid. It belongs to the category of cryogenic energy storage, which is introduced separately in the other chapter of this book. Although the LAES has been widely regarded as a large-scale electrical energy storage method, it can also be configured to provide efficient and cost-effective multi-vector energy services at small to medium scales. As a result, LAES has attracted significant attention in recent years. This chapter aims to provide the detailed methods and models for analyzing the LAES system. Both steady-state and dynamic analyses are discussed, covering both component and system levels.